Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a condition that affects the blood flow in the arteries that supply blood to your legs, feet, and arms. PAD typically occurs when these arteries become narrow or blocked due to plaque buildup, reducing the amount of blood flow to these areas. This can cause symptoms such as pain, cramping, and fatigue in your legs and feet during physical activity. PAD can also lead to serious complications such as amputation, non-healing wounds, and an increased risk of heart attack and stroke. However, early detection and treatment of PAD can help improve blood flow, reduce symptoms, and prevent the progression of the disease. Screening for PAD can help identify the presence of this condition and guide necessary steps for treatment and management.
Let the vascular specialists at Vascular & Interventional Specialists (VIS) in Nebraska, Iowa, and South Dakota help you! Schedule an appointment with us today and learn more about this vascular disease down below.
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What Causes PAD?
Peripheral arterial disease is caused by arterial plaque buildup.
Arterial plaque buildup is the accumulation of cholesterol, fat, and other substances in the walls of the arteries. Over time, this plaque can harden and narrow the arteries, reducing the flow of blood and oxygen to the body's tissues. Risk factors for plaque buildup include smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, lack of physical activity, and a diet high in fat and cholesterol. As plaque builds up, it can also rupture and cause blood clots, leading to blockages and further reducing blood flow. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet and regular physical activity, can help reduce the risk of plaque buildup and the development of PAD.
Signs & Symptoms
PAD commonly affects the arteries in the lower abdomen or legs, often leading to pain in the hips, buttocks, or legs while walking or, in severe cases, poor wound healing in these areas. The best vascular surgeons in Nebraska, Iowa, and South Dakota will tell you peripheral artery disease treatment may be needed if you notice any of the following common symptoms:
- Pain, cramping, or tiredness in the leg or hips while walking or exercising (typically resolves with rest)
- Foot pain when elevated and at rest, usually at night
- Foot or leg wounds that heal slowly or not at all
- Non-healing or gangrenous ulcers on the foot or ankle, also called critical limb ischemia (CLI)
- Atherosclerosis (partially obstructed or clogged blood vessels) elsewhere in the body
- Coldness in the lower leg or foot, compared to the other side
- Discoloration or shiny skin on the legs
It's important to seek medical attention from a vascular specialist if you experience any of these symptoms, as PAD can lead to serious health problems if left untreated.
Diagnosis
Early diagnosis and treatment of peripheral vascular disease are very important to avoid severe complications. Let the doctors at Vascular & Interventional Specialists help you determine if what you’re experiencing is in fact peripheral vascular disease and provide advice on how to proceed.
Vascular screening by angiogram can reduce the odds of amputation by as much as 90%. Only half of all amputees achieve mobility, and more than half will have a second amputation within three years. Don't let this be you! Learn more about your peripheral artery disease treatment options.
Complications
If left untreated, PAD can lead to necrosis or even amputation of the affected area(s). Additionally, PAD can increase the risk of heart attack or stroke significantly.
Peripheral Artery Disease Treatment Options
Surgical treatment of PAD may involve angioplasty, stent placement, bypass, or other methods depending on the site and severity of the obstructed artery.
VIS offers minimally invasive treatments for PAD, allowing for same-day procedures and early return to normal activity. We’ll help you get back to living your life pain-free as soon as possible.
Dr. Chad Laurich is board-certified in vascular surgery and experienced in treatments for a variety of vascular conditions, including PAD.
Along with vascular surgery, treatment of PAD includes regular exercise, good control of cholesterol, smoking cessation, and certain medications.
Prevention Tips for Patients
Certain lifestyle changes can help prevent PAD or mitigate more severe complications, including:
Get plenty of physical activity (30+ minutes, 5+ days a week)
Stop smoking or using tobacco
Maintain good blood pressure and cholesterol levels
Eat a heart-healthy diet, reduce sodium intake, and moderate alcohol use
Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables